Reported speech: Practice of tenses
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Lesson 201
Reported speech: Practice of tenses
Tip
Dia berkata: \'Saya suka makan ais-krim.\' =
Ini ialah \'direct speech\' - Di sini, kita sedang menyampaikan semula pengucapan orang lain.
Disebabkan orang yang bercakap menggunakan \'I\', maka apabila menyampaikan semula juga hendaklah menggunakan\'I\'
Apabila menyampaikan semula penguacapan orang lain, bahagian yang disampaikan itu hendaklah menggunakan \'inverted comma (koma terbalik)\'.
She said (that) she liked ice-cream. = Dia berkata bahawa dia suka makan ais-krim.
Ini ialah \'reported speech\' - Di sini, kita sedang mengolah semula pengucapan orang lain.
Maka, kita hendaklah menggunakan bentuk \'third person\' (pihak ketiga) untuk menyampaikan ayat semula. Contoh: She (bentuk pihak ketiga) berkata bahawa dia suka makan ais-krim.
Tip
I said, 'I am the best student of the class'. = Saya berkata, \'saya ialah pelajar terbaik dalam kelas\'.
I said (that) I was the best student of the class. = Saya berkata bahawa saya pernah ialah pelajar terbaik dalam kelas.
Di sini anda sedang mengulangi ucapan anda sebelum ini, orang yang bercakap ialah anda sendiri (I).
Maka apabila dalam penyampaian semula, \'personal pronoun - I\' adalah dikekal dalam bentuk asalnya.
Tip
She told Siti, \'you are pretty\' = Dia memberitahu Siti, \'awak amat cantik\'.
Disebabkan bahagian depan ayat mengandungi \'direct speech\', maka konteks ini adalah sedang menyampaikan semula ucapan penutur.
She told Siti that she was pretty. = Dia memberitahu Siti bahawa Siti amat cantik.
Sini terdapat perubahan terhadap \'you\' kepada \'she\', kerana apabila mengolah semula ayat, Siti telah menjadi \'orang ketiga\'.
Dalam \'reported speech\', Siti bukanlah \'orang kedua\'.
Tip
Ahmad said, \'I work in Malaysia.\' = Ahmad berkata, \'Saya bekerja di Malaysia\'.
Direct Speech: Ahmad said, \'I work in Malaysia.\' = Ahmad berkata, \'Saya bekerja di Malaysia\'.
Ahmad said (that) he worked in Malaysia. = Ahmad berkata bahawa dia bekerja di Malaysia.
\'Reported speech\': Sini hendaklah membuat perubahan dari \'work --> worked\', kerana dalam penyampaiannya, kata kerjanya menjadi \'past tense\'.
Apabila \'direct speech\' bertukar menjadi \'reported speech\', jika dalam \'reported speech\' (contoh: said), ialah dalam bentuk \'past tense\', maka \'tense\' dalam \'reported speech\' dalam \'direct speech\' juga hendaklah menggunakan \'past tense\' kata kerjanya.
Kadang-kalanya \'tense\' tidak perlu ditukar, jika isi kandungan ucapan tersebut adalah benar pada masa kini, ataupun merupakan \'universal truth\' (contoh: The Sun is a star).
'I boil the water before drinking, he said.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul.;
He said that he is boiling the water before drinking.
He said that he boiled the water before drinking.
He said that he boil the water before drinking.
He said that he was boiled the water before drinking.
'I always drink coffee, she said.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul. ;
She said that she always drank coffee.
She said that she always drink coffee.
She said that she always drunk coffee.
She said that she always dranked coffee.
Tip
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Apabila mengubahkan kepada \'reported speech\', \'tense\' dalam ayat juga haruslah diubah mengikuti \'reported verb (says, said, told, said to).
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E.g. \'I work in Malaysia,\' he told.
He told me that he worked in Malaysia.

He says, \'I am going to the park.\'
He says that he is going to the park.

He said, \'I am going to the park.\'
He said that he was going to the park.

He said to me, \'I am going to the park\'
He told me that he was going to the park.
'I am reading a book, he explained.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul. ;
He explained that he was reads a book.
He explained that he was readed a book.
He explained that he was reading a book.
He explained that he was read a book.
'I am brushing my teeth, he said.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul. ;
He said that he was brush his teeth.
He said that he was brushes his teeth.
He said that he was brushed his teeth.
He said that he was brushing his teeth.
'Fatin arrived on Monday, he said.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul. ;
He said that Fatin had arrived on Monday.
He said that Fatin had arrives on Monday.
He said that Fatin had arriving on Monday.
He said that Fatin had arrive on Monday.
'Ahmad borrowed my pen she said.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul.;
She said that Ahmad had borrowed her pen.
She said that Ahmad had borrows her pen.
She said that Ahmad had borrow her pen.
She said that Ahmad had borrowing her pen.
'\'I have been to the fruit market\', he said.' PIlihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul.
He said that he had been to the fruit market.
He said that he been to the fruit market.
'I had just turned out the light, she explained.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul. ;
She explained that she is turned out the light.
She explained that she has just turned out the light.
She explained that she will turned out the light.
She explained that she had just turned out the light.
'\'We had gone out for lunch\', he said.' PIlihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul.
He said that they had gone out for lunch.
He said that they is gone out for lunch.
'We have been watching the TV since morning, he exclaimed.' Pilih ayat pengolahan semula yang betul.
He exclaimed that they had been wotching the TV since morning.
He exclaimed that they had been watching the TV since morning.
'\'We have been sleeping for hours\', he said.' Pilihkan ayat pengolahan semula yang betul.
He said that they are sleeping for hours.
He said that they had been sleeping for hours.
Mereka memberitahu saya bahawa mereka telah tidur pada waktu siang.
    • sleeping in the day.
    • that they being
    • sleeps in the day.
    • that they had been
    • that they were been
    • They told me
    Mereka memberitahu saya bahawa mereka tinggal di Kuala Lumpur sejak dulu lagi.
    • They tells me that
    • they were been
    • they had been
    • lives in Kuala Lumpur.
    • living in Kuala Lumpur.
    • They told me that
    Dia berkata bahawa dia akan berada di Penang pada hari Ahad.
    • on Sunday.
    • he would be
    • He said that
    • at Sunday.
    • in Penang
    • will be
    Dia berkata bahawa dia akan berjumpa dengan Siti pada hari Jumaat minggu depan.
    • to meet Siti
    • to meets Siti
    • he said that
    • next Friday.
    • he will go
    • he goes
    'Apabila mengubahkan direct speech kepada reported speech'^~^'typefacestyle'
    Direct Reported speech
    Simple present tense Simple past tense
    Present continuous tense Past continuous tense
    Simple past tense Past perfect tense
    Present perfect tense Past perfect tense
    Past perfect tense Past perfect tense
    Future tense Present conditional tense
    Future continuous tense Conditional continuous tense
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    Lesson200
    Reported speech: Wh questions
    Next Lesson
    Lesson202
    The Passive: Past Progressive Tense
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