Modals of ability (can, could, be able to)

Modals of ability - can, could, be able to

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Lesson 280

Modals of ability - can, could, be able to

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Ways to show ability:
1) We use 'can' and 'can't' to talk about 'ability' in the present. In the present, we use both 'can' and 'be able to', but can is far more common:

2) We use 'could' and 'couldn't' to talk about 'general ability' in the past.

3) We use 'be able to' to say that someone managed to do something on a specific occasion (not necessarily all the time).

'جب آپ چھوٹے تھے، کیا آپ پیانو بجا سکتے تھے؟' کا ا نگریزی میں ترجمہ کیا ہو گا؟;

Could you play the piano when you were a child?

Can you play the piano when you were a child?

Can't you play the piano when you were a child?

Couldn't you play the piano when you were a child?

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Past Ability.
We use could or was/were able to to talk about an ability that existed for a long time in the past, but which isn’t true now:
When I was young, I could eat like a pig and not get fat.
When I was a teenager, I could stay up all night without getting tired.

However,

We only use was/were able to with action verbs to talk about an ability related to a single event:

CORRECT: We were able to go swimming yesterday because the weather was so nice.

INCORRECT: We could go swimming yesterday because the weather was so nice.

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But, we use either 'can' or 'was/were able to' with some stative verbs (see, hear, feel, taste) even to talk about an ability related to a single event. (Stative verbs are verbs that express a state rather than an action.)

1. Were you able to see the solar eclipse from your balcony yesterday?

2. Could you see the solar eclipse from your balcony yesterday?

Both the above sentences are correct.

'وہ نا امید تھا کیونکہ اس کو فٹ بال میچ کی ٹکٹ نہیں مل پائی تھی۔' کا انگریزی میں ترجمہ چنیں۔;

He was disappointed because he can't get the tickets for the football match.

He was disappointed because he is not able to get the tickets for the football match.

He was disappointed because he was not able to get the tickets for the football match.

He was disappointed because he was not able to gets the tickets for the football match.

'‏میں رونا چاہتا تھا، لیکن کافی کوشش کے ساتھ، میں پرسکون رہ پایا .' کا انگریزی میں ترجمہ کیا ہوگا؟;

I wanted to cry, but with a great amount of effort, I am able to stay calm.

I wanted to cry, but with a great amount of effort, I can stay calm.

I wanted to cry, but with a great amount of effort, I could stay calm.

I wanted to cry, but with a great amount of effort, I was able to stay calm.

غائب لفظ چن کر خالی جگہ بھریں۔

I ______

can't

can

couldn't

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Future Ability. We only use 'will be able to' to talk about a future skill or ability that you don’t have yet, but you will have in the future. We never use can for an ability that you will only have in the future.

CORRECT: When I finish training I will be able to run at twice the speed.

INCORRECT: When I finish training I can run at twice the speed.

However, when not talking about a skill, we can use either 'can' or 'will be able to'.

We use either 'can' or 'be able to' when we are talking about decisions and future arrangements:

CORRECT: I’m busy now, but I can help you in an hour.

CORRECT: I’m busy now, but I’ll be able to help you in an hour.